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2013年考研英语真题重点解析

  句子四:

  Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

  句子分析:

  第一、句子可以拆分为三段:

  Interest in historical methods has arisen / less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline / and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

  第二、句子的结构

  1)主干结构是一个简单句:Interest has arisen less through ...and more from.。.

  2)并列状语less through ...and more from的翻译是关键,through和from意思完全相同,表示原因,直译为:比较少的是因为……,更多的原因是……

  3)challenge后面的不定式短语to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline是它的定语,直译对历史作为一门学科的正确性提出异议,internal quarrels后面的介词短语among historians themselves作quarrels的定语。

  第三、词的处理:

  Interest in historical methods 对历史方法的关注(兴趣)

  arisen 来自于,产生于challenge质疑,挑战

  validity 真实性,正确性as an intellectual discipline作为一门学问(一个学科领域)

  internal quarrels 内部意见不统一,内部分歧

  参考译文:

  人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论,主要是因为史学界内部意见不一,其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学问。

  句子五:

  During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional

  methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study。

  句子分析:

  第一、句子可以拆分为三段:

  During this transfer, / traditional historical methods were augmented / by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

  第二、句子的结构:

  1)主干结构是一个被动语态的简单句:...methods were augmented by.。.

  2)过去分词短语designed to.。.作句子宾语methodologies的定语。

  第三、词的处理:

  transfer 转变

  augmented 充实,补充

  additional methodologies 新方法 designed to用来

  interpret 阐释,解释,说明

  the new forms of evidence 新的证据形式,根据上下文意思引申为在历史学研究中的新史料。

  参考译文:

  在这种转变中,历史学家研究历史时,那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。

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