阅读理解

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

　　Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.

　　One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train(驯服) it. Obedience training doesn’t solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training pens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.

　　Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack(群)by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate(从属的)role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.

　　Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.

　　62.Behavior problems of dogs are believed to .

　　[A]be just part of their nature [B]worsen in modern society

　　[C]occur when they go wild [D]present a threat to the community

　　63. The primary purpose of obedience training is to .

　　[A]teach the dog to perform clever tricks

　　[B]make the dog aware of its owner’s authority

　　[C]provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior

　　[D]enable the dog to regain its normal behavior

　　64.Effective communication between a dog and its owner is .

　　[A]essential to solving the dog’s behavior problems

　　[B]the foundation for dogs to perform tasks

　　[C]a good way to teach the dog new tricks

　　[D]an extreme measure in obedience training

　　65. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?

　　[A]To avoid being punished.

　　[B]To show their affection for their masters.

　　[C]To win leadership of the dog pack.

　　[D]To show their willingness to obey.

　　66. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner .

　　[A]can give the dog more rewards[B]will enjoy a better family life

　　[C]can give the dog more freedom[D]will have more confidence in himself

　　【全文翻译】

　　狗是一种社会性的动物，如果得不到适当的训练，它们的行为表现就会像野生动物一样。它们会弄脏你的家，撕毁你的东西，到处狂吠，还和别的狗打架，甚至咬你。几乎所有的行为问题都是狗的正常活动，只不过是搞错了时间、地点或者对象。预防或解决这些行为问题的关键，是要学会训练狗，将其正常的行为改成在家庭环境下可以接受的发泄。

　　你对于狗和你自己来说，你能够做得最好的事情就是训练它服从。服从训练并不能够解决所有的问题，但是这是解决其他所有问题的基础。训练在狗和你之间建立一种沟通，有效的沟通是命令狗做事所必须的。

　　训练也是建立一种社会等级秩序的捷径。当狗听从简单的命令“过来，坐下”的时候，表明它服从和尊重你。没有必要使用极端的方法建立你对于狗的统治地位，你可以通过教你的狗对你表示服从来认识它的从属地位，大部分狗都喜欢与主人搞恶作剧，从而愉快地接受你的主人地位。

　　对于你和你的狗来说，训练是有趣而又有回报的。它可以加强你们的关系，使你们在一起的生活更加快乐。一只训练有素的狗更自信，给它更多的自由时间会比未经训练的狗更安全。

　　【答案解析】

　　62.【解析】[A]推断题。定位在第一段;几乎所有的行为问题都是狗的正常活动，只不过是搞错了时间、地点或对象。A：狗天性的一部分，就是对这句话的同义转述;B：将会恶化，文章没有提及;C：当狗变的野蛮的时候发生，行为问题是狗的正常活动，应该一直都有的;D：显示对社区的威胁，文章也没有提及。所以答案是A。

　　63.【解析】[C]推断题。定位在第二段，但是驯服的目的在第一段最后一句：The key...is learning to...表目的：将其正常的行为改成在家庭环境下可以接受的发泄。A：教狗表演机灵的花样，这是后面提及的细节。B：让狗意识到主人的权威，也是后面提及的内容，不是目的。C：给狗发泄它的野蛮行为，就是驯服的目的。D：使狗恢复正常行为，这本来就是狗的正常行为。所以答案是C。

　　64.【解析】[B]推断题。定位在第二段最后一句：有效的沟通是命令狗做事所必需的。A：解决狗行为问题所必须的，文章没有说“必需”这个意思。B：让狗完成任务的基础，任务就是你让狗做的事，和定位的句子是一个意思，只是换了一个说法。C：教狗新花样的方法，文章没有说到。D：是驯服的极端措施，交流不是极端措施，而且极端措施也是出现在后面的内容，还是not necessary 。所以答案是B。

　　65.【解析】[D]细节题。定位在第三段最后一句：愉快地承认你是管事人(负责人)。A：避免受罚，文章没有提到。B：显示对主人的感情，文章也没有提到，文章只说服从简单要求显示对主人的服从和尊重，而不是表演花样。C：赢得狗群的领导地位，文章说主人不必要做狗的领导。D：显示愿意服从，和定位的句子是一个意思。所以答案是D。

　　66.【解析】[C] 推断题。定位在第四段最后一句：一只训练有素的狗更自信，给它更多的自由时间会比未经训练的狗更安全。A：主人能给狗更多奖赏。B：主人能享受更好的家庭生活。C：主人能给狗更多自由。D：主人更有自信。只有C是定位句子的同义转述，所以答案是C。