在考研英语试卷中，阅读部分所占的分值比重是最大的，“得阅读者得天下”。为了帮助大家攻克阅读难关，文都考研英语老师为2018考研考生梳理一下考研英语历年真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语和长难句。接下来看一下1997年考研英语真题阅读Text 3，这篇文章主要介绍了对药物新的定义。

　　Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts... The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that...

　　substance“物质”;other than“除了”;alter“改变”;refer to“指的是”;illegal“非法的，违法的”，反义词legal，以l开头的形容词，变否定加il，以m或p开头的形容词，变否定则加im，比如possible-impossible，moral-immoral;drug addicts“吸毒者”，addict也可以充当动词，常见搭配be addicted to“对...上瘾，沉溺于”;abuse“滥用”;make clear“解释清楚”。

　　We live in a society in which... is pervasive: ... When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions... Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.

　　in which引导定语从句，修饰限定society;pervasive“普遍的”，题目涉及到了对这个词的考查，不认识无所谓，可以借助其后冒号推断其含义，所谓词汇题考查的其实不是词汇本身，而是其上下文;constructive“有助益的”;misuse“滥用”;in excess“过度，过量地”;negative effect“负面影响”，反义词positive effect;distortion“扭曲”;dependence“依赖”，动词depend，常见搭配depend on/ upon，形容词dependent，反义词independent，常见搭配be independent of;tolerance在这里表示“耐药性”，常见含义“宽容，容忍”，动词tolerate，形容词tolerant;desired effect“预期效果”;withdrawal symptom“断瘾症状”;discontinue“停止，中断”。

　　... are known as psychoactive substances... Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down... state of consciousness.

　　psychoactive“影响心理状态的”;speed up“加速”;activate“激活”;whereas“然而”;slow down与speed up相反，表示“减速”;stimulant，depressant，hallucinogen为生僻词汇，不认识无所谓;state of consciousness“意识状态”。

　　以上就是文都考研英语老师为大家梳理的1997年考研英语真题阅读Text 3的要点。阅读能力的培养和提升不可能一蹴而就。大家一定认真研究考研英语历年真题，理论联系实践，循序渐进，自然会有进步。达到一定量的积累之后，势必会有质的飞跃。

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