针对英语四级作文小编为大家找了一种行之有效的办法，希望能帮助各位英语四级考生早日提高作文水平！

　　一、审题

　　我们拿到作文后第一件要做的事就是审题。审题的作用在于使你写作不跑题(如果跑题，条理和语言再好，也得不到及格分，甚至0分。)那么审题要审什么呢?

　　1.体裁(议论文，说明文，描述文)

　　审题就是要审作文的题材和体裁。因为什末样的体裁就会用什末样的题材去写。那末体裁包括那些呢?它包括议论文，说明文和描述文。从近些年看，四级作文不是单一的体裁，而是几种体裁的杂合体。例如：For this part ,your are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topicTrying to Be A Good University Student .You should write at least 100 words and you shouldbase your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below :

　　1).做合格大学生的必要性

　　2).做合格大学生的必备条件(可以从德智体方面谈)

　　3).我计划这样做

　　很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。这是片面的，因为，第一段要求写"...必要性"，这说明本段体裁是议论文;第二段要求写"

　　...必备条件"，这说明本段要求写说明文;儿地三段要求写"...这样做"，这说明本段要求写描述文。所以在大多数情形下，四级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。

　　2.根据不同体裁确定写作方法

　　我们审题的目的就是根据不同体裁确定不同的写作方法。通过审题，我们可以看出四级作文大都是三段式。如上例第一段为议论体，第二段为说明体，地三段为描述体。而各种文体又不同的写作方式：议论文;要有论点和论据，而且往往从正反两方面来论述。例如上面第一段的思路是：做合格大学生，会怎末样(这是从正面论述);不能做合格的大学生，会怎末样(从反面论述);所以我们要做合格的大学生(结了论)。

　　说明文：可以从几方面或几条来说明一个问题，就上作文而言，可以从方面(德智体)来说明合格大学生的必要性。

　　描述文：一"人"为中心描述一个"做"的过程。与上两段相比，本段的主语多为人称代词，他要与第二段相互应进行描述。二 确定主题句

　　通过审题，我们知道该如何确定正确的写作思路。下边我们就谈如何些。第一部就是要写主题句。主题句是确保不跑题的前提，只有不跑题才有可得及格分。写主题句嘴保险的方法就是把中文提纲的各句译成英语。例如上述三段主题句分别为：

　　1.It is very necessary to be a good university student . (议论体的主题句)

　　2.There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student .(说明体的主题句)

　　3.What I will do in the future is the following .(描述体主题句)

　　如果要求句是英语就可以把它变成主题句，例如这样一篇作文：

　　Good Health

　　1.Importance of good health

　　2.Ways to keep fit

　　3.My own practice

　　这样的作文的要求句就可以扩充成主题句。扩充后三段的主题句分别为：

　　1.It is very important to have good health .(将名词 importance变成形容词important)

　　2.There are four ways to keep fit for me .(用 there be 句型)

　　3.My own practices are the following .(采用原词)

　　二、条理清楚

　　保证不跑提示写作当中第一任务，第二个重要任务就是要做到条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚，对于说明文来说条理要清楚，对于描述文来说，谁干什么要清楚。就拿上例Good health 来说，第一段保持正反面要清楚救应这样写：正面(With good health ,we can...)，反面(Without good health ,we cando nothing .We can't do...)

　　为了使文章更具有条理性，我们可以用first(ly) second(ly) third(ly)等副词，他们可以是文章的条例性更加突出。作文是主观题，想得告分就必须引起老师的主意，老师的时间很短(每篇作文只有一两分钟就要阅完)，所以我们在列调试最好不用: To be with,... after that ,...And then, ... The next , ... Thefollowing , ... As last ... 。因为用这样的词语不利于老师看出你作文的条理性。

　　三、保证作文符合字数要求的十二句作文法

　　考生一般都希望作文达到字数而又不至于写得太多，因为写得太多一方面暴露自己语言上的弱点，另一方面又会占用过多的时间。写得太多还易跑题，一个有效的方法就是十二句作文法。

　　我们知道，四级作文都是三段式。我们算一下，如果我们在每一段中写上四句，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全片在十二句左右，每一句十多个词，就又120-150个字。大家可以试图找一些作文题练一练。

　　少用关系代词

　　Where possible, reduce the use of "which," "who" "that" "whom" "whether... or not" etc.

　　少用关联代词

　　学会利用关系代词是你学习英文过程中的一个重要的阶段。学会少用它们则表明你取得了更大的进步。在校正你的作品时，仔细检查一下所有的which’s, who’s that’s跟whom’s是否必要。删除不必要的关系代词会使你的文章更杰出的英语四级写作方法。

　　Example:

　　Unnecessary: It is a truth that is universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

　　(用两个 that’s，读起来很别扭)

　　Better: It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

　　-- Jane Austin

　　注：被动语态修饰的名词通常不须用关系代词。

　　Unnecessary: In 1970 India dedicated a nuclear power plant near Bombay, which was built with American assistance.

　　Improved: In 1970 India dedicated a nuclear power plant near Bombay, built with American assistance.

　　Unnecessary: During this period, Churchill spoke for a nation which was undivided and curiously happy, as it has never been in my lifetime, before or since.

　　Improved: During this period, Churchill spoke for a nation undivided and curiously happy, as it has never been in my lifetime, before or since.

　　Unnecessary: Justice theories have a long tradition, which goes back to Plato and Aristotle in the 5th century B.C.

　　Improved: Justice theories have a long tradition, going back to Plato and Aristotle in the 5th century B.C.

　　Unnecessary: Shirley Temple’s father blew nearly the entire $3 million that she made by tap dancing which made her famous in the movies.

　　Improved: Shirley Temple’s father blew nearly the entire $3 million she made tap dancing her way to fame in the movies.

　　Unnecessary: We told them they were the victims who deserved sympathy the most.

　　Improved: We told them they were the victims, most deserving of sympathy.

　　Unnecessary: Only a person who is oblivious* to the facts of modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.

　　Better: Only a person oblivious to the facts of modern life would doubt the need of vocational education today.

　　Unnecessary: Not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea, whether it contains caffeine or not.

　　Better: With or without caffeine, not everyone in North America likes the taste of green tea.

　　Unnecessary: Usually the Washington family married people who were socially better off than themselves, but the second marriage of George’s father was an exception.

　　Better: Usually the Washingtons married their social betters, but the second marriage of George’s father was an exception.

　　Unnecessary: In some instances, a letter can take ten days by air and six to eight weeks by ship to reach the person to whom the letter is addressed.

　　Better: In some instances, a letter can take ten days by air and six to eight weeks by ship to reach its intended receiver.

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