考研英语复习需要一点一滴的积累，学习英语不是掌握的词汇量大，语法精准就能够得高分，知识面广、融汇贯通才能够强化你的英语水平。小编希望大家能够多读好文多积累，从而让自己的阅读能力有所提升。下面是英语阅读文章《世界经济》，希望大家在阅读的同时能够进行总结并有所收获。

　　America the powerful

　　壮哉美国

　　Inevitably the parallels are not perfect. The biggest difference is China, a bit-part player in 1999 and now the world's second-biggest economy, contributing disproportionately to global growth. But there are three trends at work that destabilised the world economy then and could do the same now.

　　不可避免的相似之处并不全然完美。最大的区别就是中国，一个在1999 年经济中扮演跑龙套的配角的中国，目前已经是世界上第二大经济体，对全球经济增长作出巨大贡献。但也有使得当时世界经济不稳定三个趋势，也会对现在经济产生影响。

　　The first is the gap between America, where growth is accelerating, and almost everywhere else, where it is slowing. In the late 1990s Larry Summers, then the US deputy treasury secretary, warned that the world economy was “flying on one engine”. For 2015 The Economist's panel of forecasters expects 3% growth in America, compared with 1.1% in Japan and the euro area.China's growth rate may fall to around 7%.

　　第一个趋势是美国，经济增长加快，而几乎其他任何地方经济正出现放缓。在20 世纪90年代后期美国财政部副部长拉里·萨默斯警告说，世界经济是“依靠单台引擎在飞驰”。《经济学家》预测专家对于2015 年进行预测：美国经济增长3%，在日本和欧元区为1.1%。中国的经济增长速度可能回落至7%左右。

　　Americans can comfort themselves that, as in the late 1990s, the optimism gap is partially warranted. Jobs are being created in their country faster than at any time since 1999, cheap petrol has buoyed consumer spending and business investment has picked up. But the news is not all good: cheaper oil could tip plenty of America's shale producers into bankruptcy in 2015, while a stronger dollar and weakness abroad will hurt exporters —just as they did 15 years ago. Britain, the other Anglosphere champion, may also be clobbered by the euro zone's woes.

　　美国人可以安慰自己的是，在上世纪90 年代后期，乐观缺口部分得到了填补和保障。1999年以来美国创造了比以往任何时候都要快的就业率，价格便宜的汽油提升了消费者支出，并且商业投资回升。但并非全是喜讯：便宜的油可能会使得许多美国的页岩生产商在2015 年破产，当美元走强和外币出现疲软时会伤害出口商—和他们15 年前如出一辙。英国，其他盎格鲁势力范围的捍卫者，也可能被欧元区的危机重挫。

　　The second worrying parallel with the late 1990s is the dismal outlook for the rich world's two other big economies. Germany's growth rate has tumbled to around 1% and there is a deeper malaise caused by years of underinvestment, a disastrous energy policy and a government that is too obsessed by its fiscal targets to spend money and too frightened of its voters to push through the sort of structural reforms that Gerhard Schr?der implemented in 2003. Meanwhile Japan has repeated the error it made in 1997—thwarting its escape from stagnation with a premature rise in consumption tax.

　　上世纪90 年代末的第二个令人担忧的是世界上其他两大经济体惨淡前景。德国的增长率已经下降到1%左右，多年投资不足导致更深的萎靡现象，灾难性的能源政策和政府过于迷恋其财政目标来花费金钱，太害怕选民对推动政府进行如格哈德·施罗德于2003 年实施的结构性改革，同时日本已经出现了1997 年所犯的错误—挫败了其逃离经济停滞与过早增加消费税。

　　The third echo of the 1990s is the danger in emerging markets. Back then the problem was fixed exchange rates and hefty foreign debt. Now the debts are lower, the exchange rates float and most governments have built up reserves. Still, there are growing signs of trouble, especially in Russia (see article). But other commodity exporters also look vulnerable, especially in Africa. Oil accounts for 95% of Nigeria's exports and 75% of its government revenue. Ghana has already gone to the IMF for support. In other countries the danger lies in the corporate sector. Many Brazilian firms are heavily indebted in dollars. A rash of corporate defaults may prove less spectacular than Asia's sovereign-debt crises in the 1990s, but they will make investors nervous and push up the dollar.

　　上世纪90 年代的第三波回音是新兴市场的危险。当时的问题是固定汇率和巨额外债。现在，债务较低，汇率浮动，大多数国家的政府都建立了储备。不过，也有麻烦越来越多的迹象，尤其是在俄罗斯(见文章)。但其他大宗商品出口国也很脆弱，尤其是在非洲。石油占95%，尼日利亚的出口和政府财政收入的75%。加纳已经申请国际货币经济组织的支持。在其他国家的危险存在于企业部门。许多巴西公司都对美元负债累累。一连串企业违约可能比亚洲的主权债务危机在20 世纪90 年代不那么引人注目，但他们会让投资者紧张，推升美元。