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　　The United States and Cuba will reestablishdiplomatic relations and later this month will reopenembassies in Washington and Havana. PresidentBarack Obama made the announcement onWednesday.

　　The decision is part of efforts to end years of conflicts between the two countries. Thetensions began shortly after Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban government in 1959. Two yearslater, the United States ended relations with Cuba. And in 1962 it put in place an embargo, acomplete end to trade.

　　In December, Mr. Obama and Cuban dictator Raul Castro announced the two countries hadagreed to reestablish diplomatic relations. Secret meetings had been taking place betweenrepresentatives of the two countries since 2013. The two men met in April in Panama at theSummit of the Americas. And in May, the United States removed Cuba from its list of statesupporters of terrorism.

　　Commercial air and ferry services between the two countries have been, or are being, restored.Restrictions on communications have been eased. American citizens may travel to Cuba,although there are limits on the reasons for their travel.

　　But there are still issues the two countries must resolve. For example, it is still not legal forAmerican products to be shipped to Cuba. However, President Obama has called for the tradeembargo to be ended. And the United States believes Cuba must improve its human rightsrecord. Last month, the United States released its yearly human rights report. It said Cubadoes not respect basic freedoms. It said the Cuban government detains political opponents forno reason and limits its citizens' ability to read independent information free of censorship.

　　President Obama's efforts to ease tensions between the two countries are not popular with hispolitical opponents in Congress. Many Republican lawmakers say he is ignoring Cuba's poorhuman rights record. The House and Senate, which are controlled by Republicans, couldrefuse to approve money to open an American embassy in Havana. They could block whoeverMr. Obama names as the new American ambassador to Cuba. Experts also say Congress is notlikely to agree to end the economic embargo on Cuba.

　　Ileana Ros-Lehtinen is a Republican member of the House of Representatives from the southernstate of Florida, which is just 144 kilometers from Cuba. She is also a Cuban-American. Sherepresents many Cuban refugees. On Tuesday, she released a statement that said a new U.S.embassy in Cuba will, in her words, "do nothing to help the Cuban people." She said PresidentObama made the decision to improve relations with Cuba only because he wanted futurehistorians to think well of him.

　　Nancy Pelosi is the top Democrat in the House of Representatives and a former Speaker of theHouse. She said the decision will help American businesses and families.

　　Many nations and organizations support the decision. United Nations Secretary-General BanKi-moon called it an "historic step that will benefit peoples of both countries." Switzerland saidit will "contribute to security, stability and prosperity in the region."

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