根据全国硕士研究生统一考试英语考试大纲的规定，考研翻译属于阅读理解的一部分，其命题形式是英译汉，“主要考查学生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个划线部分(约150词)译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺”。翻译部分的总分值为10分(每题2分)，占全部试卷的10%。

　　下面是2010年考研翻译的实例：

　　Part C Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.

　　When one of these non-economic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of the century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. The evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.

　　It is painful to read these roundabout accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47)but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

　　A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” species. Here again, the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid. It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit, real or fancied, to itself.

　　Some species of trees have been “read out of the party” by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility. The interdependence of the forest and its constituent tree species, ground flora, and fauna is taken for granted.

　　To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.

　　46. 科学家们匆忙拿出一些明显站不住脚的证据来救援，大意是说，如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，那么害虫就会吃掉我们。

　　47. 但是我们至少已经几乎承认(这样一种观点)：不管对我们有没有经济好处，鸟类的生存是它们固有的权利。

　　48. 曾几何时，生物学家有点过度使用这样的证据：这些动物捕食弱小生物可以维持食物链的正常运行，或者它们捕食的只是“没有价值的物种”。

　　49. 欧洲在林业生态方面比较先进，非商业性的树种被认为是原始森林群落的成员而得到同样合理的保护。

　　50. 它易于忽视，因而会最终淘汰土地群落中许多缺乏商业价值的元素，然而这些元素对于整个生物群落的健康运行却是必不可少的。

　　(具体解析见第五章“考研翻译历年真题解析”)

　　经过对考研大纲和真题的解读，我们认为考研翻译部分的总体要求应该是“译文准确、完整、通顺”，这与翻译的一般标准“忠实而通顺”是基本一致的。“准确、完整”就是要“忠实”于原文，把原文的内容完整而准确地表达出来，不能对原文做任意的增加或删减。“通顺”，指的是译文的语言要逻辑通顺，符合汉语的语言文字规范，没有明显的“翻译腔”。

　　总之，要符合“准确、完整、通顺”的考研翻译标准，译文必须在完整而准确表达原文内容的基础上符合汉语的表达规范，没有逻辑错误、语言歧义、晦涩难懂等现象。

    来源：《2011考研英语高分策略：翻译与句型结构专项特训》