所谓提纲作文是一种限制性命题作文，也就是已给出文章标题及各段所需表达的中心思想，它为考生提供了一个指导性的框架。考生应仔细分析提纲，弄清楚短文的段落层次。

　　提纲中隐含了各段的主题，考生应通过概括提纲得出主题句，这样就把提纲作文转化成了段首句作文。但在概括的过程中应注意不要逐字逐句翻译提纲内容。一般情况下，提纲作文有三点提示，所以考生可以按照三段式作文将简单的提纲扩展为主题句，再按照主题句作文的写作方法将文章完成。

　　提纲作文的写作步骤：

　　1. 仔细阅读并分析短文的标题及提纲，领会文章的主题思想，看清提纲要点，避免遗漏。

　　2. 根据以上对提纲的分析，写出各段主题句。主题句要做到言简意赅，并能体现出关键词的统领作用。

　　3. 确定各段内容，然后扩句成段，组段成篇。段落写作应围绕自己列好的主题句进行，在写作过程中可稍加调整。

　　4. 检查考题中所给提纲是否被完整、准确地表达于文章之中。如有偏差，应作修改。

　　【经典范文】

　　Directions：

　　Write an article on “Changes on State-owned Houses and Private Houses of China”. In your article you should write about

　　1)the present situation

　　2)the possible causes

　　3)its impact

　　You should write 160~200 words.

　　Ownership of Houses in Beijing

　　Ownership of houses in Beijing has significantly changed in recent years. In 1990, 75 percent of the houses were state-owned. But in 1995, the ratio of state-owned houses to private ones was 60 to 40. And the ownership changed dramatically since 1995 and by the end of the century, 80 percent of houses were private.

　　There might have been two main reasons. One of the reasons was the policy of the government. In the 1990s, China carried on with its reform policy and the government called for privatization of the state-owned estate. But it took time for the reform to come into effect. But from 1995 on when people have recognized its significance, the reformation took bigger steps. Another reason was that the people were getting better off and they could afford buying their own houses.

　　Such changes have had great impact on individuals as well as the society. On one hand, the individuals must save money to buy an apartment or to pay the mortgage. On the other hand, a heaven burden has been taken off the government so that it can take more effective measures to improve peoples life.

　　【练习】

　　Directions:

　　Title: Campus Activities

　　Outline: 1) various kinds of activities

　　2) advantages of the activities

　　3) its benefits

　　You should write 160~200 words.

　　【答案】

　　Campus Activities

　　Campus activities have been organized in many universities and colleges. These activities range from academic to recreational, such as academic reports, social consulting services, speech contests, poet’s clubs, painting clubs, singing and dancing groups, etc.

　　These activities provide students with two major advantages. First of all, they play a positive role in improving students’ studies. Due to their heavy schedules, students are often busy with textbooks and seldom expose themselves to a colorful life. But the variety of the activities provides opportunities for them to relax themselves and enrich their minds and knowledge. In addition, the activities also serve students living in the“ivory tower” have little chance to get in touch with society. Now the activities open the door for participants to leave their classrooms and get to know society.

　　All this offers an important means for students to broaden their horizons. They believe with the right kind of guidance and help campus activities will continue to grow and flourish.

    来源：《2011考研英语写作秘笈》