The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era, when Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his "whiz kids" became famous for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps, doing things like improving fuel-transport times

　　and scheduling more-efficient bombing raids.

　　主干识别：The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era

　　其他成分：when Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his "whiz kids" became famous定语从句主干

　　for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps, 定语从句中的状语

　　状语

　　翻译点拨： 词汇点拨：

　　注意对pendulum的理解：

　　The pendulum has swung back and the American car companies have made dramatic advances in safety...

　　三十年河东，三十年河西，美国汽车公司在安全方面已经取得了巨大进步。

　　The political pendulum has swung in favour of the liberals.

　　政治形势转而对自由主义者有利。

　　The political pendulum in American politics swung away from the right, putting an end to the12- year Republican Revolution on Capitol Hill and delivering a sharp rebuke of President Bush and the Iraq war.

　　美国政坛的政治钟摆从右派转向，一举结束共和党在国会山庄的十二年革命，并对布希总统和伊拉克战争发出强烈的怒吼。

　　grad 毕业生

　　whiz kids 天才学生

　　mathematical modeling 数学模型

　　game theory 博弈论

　　statistical analysis 数据分析

　　Army Air Corps 陆军航空队

　　fuel-transport 加油

　　bombing raids 空袭

　　成分点拨：

　　The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era

　　情况在战后开始改变

　　再单独翻译定语从句：

　　Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his "whiz kids" became famous for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps,

　　哈佛商学院的毕业生 Robert McNamara和那些天才学生一起因为使用数学模型，博弈论和复杂的数据分析来为陆军航空队做事而名噪一时，

　　最后翻状语：

　　doing things like improving fuel-transport times and scheduling more-efficient bombing raids.

　　翻译是省略doing things like，直接翻为：他们减少加油的时间并且安排出更有效的空袭。

　　参考译文： 情况在战后开始改变， 哈佛商学院的毕业生 Robert McNamara和那些天才学生一起因为使用数学模型，博弈论和复杂的数据分析来为陆军航空队 做事而名噪一时，他们减少了加油所需要的时间并且安排出更有效的空袭。

　　再复习一个句子：In the idealized version of how science is done,facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objectivere searchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.

　　主干识别：facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers

　　其他成分：In theidealized version of how science is done 状语

　　who usethe scientific method to carry out their work.

　　翻译点拨：词汇的处理：

　　Idealized理想的

　　Version 版本 (这里可以处理为“情况，状况”)

　　facts about the world 关于世界的事实

　　carry out 进行，从事

　　成分的点拨：

　　先翻译状语：

　　In the idealized version of how science is done

　　直接翻译：在理想的科学怎么被做的状态中,

　　改进： 去掉被动态

　　科学怎么被做=科学研究

　　在科研的理想状态中，

　　再翻主句：

　　facts about the world are waiting to beobserved and collected by objective researchers

　　关于世界的事实正在等待着那些客观的研究者来观察和搜集，

　　最后翻译定语从句：

　　who usethe scientific method to carry out their work.

　　研究者们会用科学的方法来进行他们的工作

　　参考译文：在科学研究的理想状态下，关于世界的事实正在等待着那些客观的研究者来观察和搜集，研究者们会用科学的方法来进行他们的工作。

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