ANALOGIES change. Once, it was fashionable to describe the brain as being like the hydraulic systems employed to create pleasing fountains for 17th-century aristocrats’ gardens. As technology moved on, first the telegraph network and then the telephone exchange became the metaphor of choice. Now it is the turn of the computer. But though the brain-as-computer is, indeed, only a metaphor, one group of scientists would like to stand that metaphor on its head. Instead of thinking of brains as being like computers, they wish to make computers more like brains. This way, they believe, humanity will end up not only with a better understanding of how the brain works, but also with better, smarter computers.

　　词汇突破： Metaphor比喻

　　1. The sentence “one group of scientists would like to stand that metaphor on its head”

　　most probably means .

　　(A) one group of scientists would like to change the brain as the metaphor of head.

　　(B) one group of scientists would like to make the brain more like a computer.

　　(C) one group of scientists would like to put the metaphor on the brain.

　　(D) one group of scientists would like to design a brain-like computer.

　　题型识别：词汇题(句子)

　　思路解析：我们寻找的是这个句子的语境含义，因为这个句子本身我们确实读不懂!

　　定位到原文第五句;但是第五句后半句就是题干;第六句以及第七句;第五句和第六句是正关系(they= one group of scientists); 第六句和第五句也是正关系;(they=they) 所以正确答案就应该是对于这两句话中某一句的同义替换!

　　所以词汇题一定注意定位!定位!定位!定位!

　　词汇题通常的做法是： 通过正反关系找到包含题干的句子在文章中的对应点和对应句，然后用四个选项与之比对，替换!

　　所以这一题中对应的句子应该是：Instead of thinkingof brains as being like computers, they wish to make computers more likebrains. (他们想使计算机变得更像大脑，而不是将大脑想象成为计算机。)

　　选项分析：AC两个个选项都是对于字面单词的胡乱改写;

　　选a和c 的同学你们一定要注意不能用选项和题干直接同意替换!这样是危险的!!除非你有十足把握你读懂了题干!!

　　B选项刚好写反了：不是让大脑更像电脑!

　　D选项是对句子的同意替换。正确!

　　a brain-like computer. 一个像大脑的计算机

　　在好多地方也写成了：a brain like computer，所以不是你做错的理由。

　　onegroup of scientists would like to stand that metaphor on its head的翻译是：但有一批科学家想要将这个比喻给倒过来。

　　参考译文：对大脑的比喻总是在变。有段时间，人们流行将大脑形容为用来给17世纪贵族的花园带来赏心悦目的喷泉的水力循环系统。随着技术的进步，先是电报网，再是电话交换站，都成为过大脑的喻体。现在轮到计算机了。尽管“计算机般的大脑”其实只是一个比喻而已，但有一批科学家想要将这个比喻给倒过来。他们想使计算机变得更像大脑，而不是将大脑想象成为计算机。他们认为这样不仅最终能使人类更好的了解大脑是如何工作的，还能做出更好，更智能的计算机。

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