The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions.

　　词汇突破：dread vt. 害怕，担心;

　　Precise adj. 精确的

　　Whereas conj. 鉴于;然而;反之

　　Perturbation n. <正>忧虑;不安;烦恼;

　　n. 小的变化

　　主干识别：The physicist rightly dreads precise argument

　　物理学家正当地害怕精确的论断。

　　= 物理学家害怕(做出)精确的论断是正确的。

　　其他成分：since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions..

　　状语从句

　　微观分析：1. since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed,

　　an argument loses all its force 从句中的主干

　　that is convincing only if it is precise 定语从句修饰argument

　　if the assumptions are slightly changed 状语从句

　　on which it is based 定语从句修饰assumptions, which 指代assumptions ;

　　= the argument is based on assumptions;

　　连在一起翻译，先翻状语从句

　　如果这个论断所基于的假设发生了细微变化的话，那么这个只有在精确的情况下才能有说服力的论断就会失去其全部的说服力。

　　=如果一个只有在精确的情况下才能有说服力的论断所基于的假设发生了细微变化的话，那么这个论断就会失去其全部的说服力

　　解释一下： 由于要先翻状语从句，所以先把定语从句的信息先说了，反正都是修饰同一个argument , 这样可以更通顺，更符合中文习惯。

　　2. whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions.

　　an argument may well be stable 主干

　　that is convincing though imprecise 定语从句

　　under small perturbations of its underlying assumptions. .状语

　　(its underlying assumptions= assumptions on which it is based这个替换牛吧!)

　　而一个尽管不精确但是却令人信服的论断，即使在其基于的理论发生轻微变化的时候，依旧是稳定的。

　　参考译文： 物理学家害怕(做出)精确的论断是正确的。因为，如果一个只有在精确的情况下才能有说服力的论断所基于的假设发生了细微变化的话，那么这个论断就会失去其全部的说服力，而一个尽管不精确但是却令人信服的论断，即使在其基于的理论发生轻微变化的时候，依旧是稳定的.

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