考研英语的复习进入了暑期强化阶段，这个阶段考生要对长难句的理解上升一个层次，首先要能够正确的切分意群，再次，在此基础上要能够调整语序，当然这些都是建立在词汇与语法的基础之上的，文都网校考研英语辅导老师希望考生能通过本次对非谓语动词和分隔结构的分析，让学生对这两个语法点有更深刻的认识。

　　首先，非谓语动词的解析。

　　1. The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency.

　　解析：本句结构较简单，主干是：The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，是主系表结构，同时还有平级比较as…as…结构，其中that指代上文的energy，过去分词结构needed to…作后置定语，使用了被动语态。其中主语energy由过去分词结构used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定语体现被动;句末的非谓语动词结构leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的结果状语。

　　参考译文：燃烧前将氧气从空气中分离所需的能源几乎不亚于上述将氮气过滤所需的耗费，这就使得两者在效率损失上不相上下。

　　2. Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too.

　　解析：本句结构也不难理解，主句：Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, 使用了too…to…结构，句末的现在分词结构outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too作伴随状语，进一步补充说明reduce costs的具体内容。

　　参考译文：有些大的制造商和服务供应商热衷于降低成本，不仅把非核心业务外包，而且连核心业务也不放过。

　　其次，我们来分析分隔结构。

　　1. It was refreshing, across the age groups of the children I met, to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives.

　　解析：本句用了两处分隔，均由逗号体现。第一处：across the age groups of the children I met, 去掉分隔部分，我们得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how, with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me, they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives。这里的see后面由两个how引导的两个宾语从句：how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how…第二处分隔：with a little bit of prompting from their teachers and me作的伴随状语。去掉分隔，得到It was refreshing to see how quickly they grasped the whole idea of human rights and how they saw how relevant they were to their daily lives，在翻译时，我们可将两个分隔部分所作的状语提前。

　　参考译文：在我所见到的同年龄段的孩子们中，在我和他们的老师只给了一点儿提示的情况下，见证他们如何快速地领会人权的整体观念，如何认识到人权与他们的生活密切相关，这一点是非常让人兴奋的。

　　2. Nokia, which has made emerging markets a priority, continues to introduce low-cost phones designed for markets where many users do not have access to reliable electricity, and may not even be able to read.

　　解析：本句为非限制性定语从句作为分隔。which has made emerging markets a priority分隔了主谓部分，去掉分隔，得到Nokia continues to introduce low cost phones designed for markets where many users do not have access to reliable electricity, and may not even be able to read。这里markets后是where引导的定语从句where many users do not have access to reliable electricity，and may not even be able to read，where在从句中作状语，相当于in which。在翻译时，我们根据汉语习惯，将定语从句转译为全句的状语，并根据其使用了完成时态翻译为“……后”。

　　参考译文：在新兴市场中取得了优先地位后，诺基亚继续引进低成本的手机，这些手机是针对不能获得可靠电力甚至可能是不识字的使用者构成的市场而设计的。

　　以上便是文都考研英语老师与大家分享的非谓语动词及分隔结构在考研英语句子中的应用，这些只是起到抛砖引玉的作用，希望考生在课下多做练习，认真体会，祝各位高效复习!

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